8^th Annual Congress on Probiotics, Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals March 25-26, 2019 Hong Kong

Biography:

Katarzyna W Jasinska is a Junior Researcher from Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Cracow, Poland. She is an author of several published papers and numerous congress presentations. Her main research interests are probiotics and bariatric.

Abstract:

Introduction & Aim: Probiotics are living micro-organisms which may confer a health benefit on the host, allowing consider them as functional food. Numerous evidences suggest that probiotics have advantageous impact on diseases such as constipation, several types of diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, melioration of lactose intolerance, inhibition of Helicobacter pylori and reduction in serum cholesterol level. However, current evidence on the effect of probiotics on neurocognitive functions is limited. This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy of probiotics in dementia.

Methods: This is a systematic review conducted following Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Protocol of the study has been registered in PROSPERO at CRD42019123490. We have searched four electronic databases, three clinical trial registers and carried out a hand searching to find relevant studies. All titles and abstracts of studies were reviewed independently by two reviewers and eligible full texts were assessed similarly. To assess risk of bias in included studies we use Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs.

Results: Searching identified 3088 records (3071 from databases and 17 additional from clinical trials registers). After removing duplicates, we screened 2548 references. We included 12 papers into full texts screening, 7 of them was included into qualitative synthesis. Main interventions used were Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. Predominantly evaluated dementia was related to Alzheimer’s disease and predementia state was related to minimal hepatic encephalopathy. All of the included studies have shown improvement in cognitive function in predementia, nevertheless results for severe dementia seems to be uncertain. One of the papers presents increase in quality of life after probiotic administration.

Conclusion: This review suggests the potential advantages of using probiotics in neurocognitive disorder. However, this field seems to be unexplored and more high quality RCTs is needed.

Biography:

Laksmi Hartajanie has completed her PhD from Diponegoro University, Faculty of Medicine. She is a Senior Lecturer of Soegijapranata Catholic University, Faculty of Food Technology.

Abstract:

Momordica charantia (Bitter melon) contains substance with antidiabetic properties such as charantin that has anti-oxidative properties. Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis and progression of metabolic syndrome such as diabetes. In the present study, a total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Diabetes type-2 was induced by a single dose (60 mg/kg) of Streptozotocin (STZ), intravenous injection. Following three days of STZ induction, the animals were randomly divided into five groups (n=6); diabetic group treated with Acarbose 40 mg/100 g feed (DM-Ac), diabetic group treated with MC (DM-MC), diabetic group treated with Probiotic 1 MC (DM-PMC1), diabetic group treated with probiotic 2 MC (DM-PMC2) and diabetic untreated group (DM-Ctrl). Oral administration of the MC fruit extract (10 ml/kg body weight) was continued for 28 days. All groups treated with MC (non-fermented and fermented) showed a significant decreased (P<0.05) in fasting blood glucose and post prandial blood glucose compared to the DM-Ctrl group. SOD level was significantly increased in MC groups. These results suggest that fermented bitter melon juice is a promising complimentary agent for diabetes type-2 treatment.

Biography:

Dede Mahdiyah is a PhD candidate from Diponegoro University, Indonesia. She is currently working as a Lecturer and as Head of Research and Community Services of Sari Mulia University, Banjarmasin, South of Kalimantan.

Abstract:

The widespread use of antibiotics to treat infectious diseases causes a global increase of resistant bacteria, whereas a discovery of new antibiotics was very rare due to high expenses. Peat land has an extreme and unique environment therefore an adapted bacterial flora may has special metabolic properties which contain has antimicrobial like substances. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of antibiotic like substances produced by peat soil bacteria. The TSA media incubate at 30^oC for two days was used to isolate the bacteria. The isolated colonies were identified and followed by Gram staining and catalase test. Antimicrobial activity test towards Salmonella Typhi was done using diffusion wells method, incubate at 37^oC for 24 hours and chloramphenicol disk was used as control. Molecular weight was determined by SDS PAGE electrophoresis. The characteristics of bacteria were Gram negative cocci, positive catalase with molecular weight of 43 KDa. Diameter of inhibition zone of peat soil bacteria is 30 mm, whereas chloramphenicol is 27.5 mm. Antibiotic-like substances produced by peat soil bacteria need to be further characterized and may be able to be developed as antibacterial drug.

Biography:

Lindawati has pursued her Internal Medicine Education program from North Sumatera University. She is currently the Head of the District Health Office Gayo Lues, Aceh, while studying Internal Medicine Consultant Specialist Education program in the field of Endocrine Metabolism and Diabetes in the Faculty of Medicine, RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang, Indonesia.

Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to see the effect of chronic moderate intensity physical exercise on Free Fatty Acids (FFA), function of pancreatic beta cells and expression of GLUT4 in male Wistar mice type-2 diabetes mellitus. This study uses 10 male Wistar rats of type-2 diabetes mellitus divided into two groups, group-1 was treated sedentary, group-2 was given physical exercise treatment using a treadmill rat (rodent-treadmill). Physical exercise was carried out six days a week for 10 weeks, beginning with light intensity and it was increased gradually every two weeks until it reaches moderate intensity. Then fasting blood glucose samples, fasting insulin, FFA were taken for the first two times in the two groups to see the presence of dysfunction and damage to pancreatic beta cells measured using Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA) B cells. Calculation of GLUT4 expression was done using an immunohistochemical method and it was observed using confocal laser scanning microscope. The results of this study indicate that physical exercise is not significant to reduce blood glucose levels, reduce blood insulin levels and increase levels of FFA, but it significantly increases the expression of GLUT4 on the surface of cell membranes (p=0.017) and improve pancreatic beta cell function by increasing the value of HOMA B (p=0.005).

Biography:

Trent Brookshier is currently pursuing his Medical degree at College of Podiatric Medicine-Western University of Health Sciences (WUCPM). He has pursued his Bachelor in Science degree at UC Irvine.

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus type-2 affects millions of Americans and is one of the leading causes of death. A few simple steps could make an enormous difference in the management of diabetes. Early detection, effective patient education and patient compliance are some of the ways in which the progression of the disease can be combated. The hypothesis was that using the term prediabetes is not the most effective label when counseling patients on hyperglycemia or insulin insufficiency. A survey testing the perception of prediabetes versus newly coined stage-1 diabetes was conducted to see if patients viewed them differently and how it would influence their decisions. It is found that patients viewed stage-1 diabetes 17% more severely on a ten-point scale and were 20% more likely to see the need for medication when this new name was used. None of those surveyed that currently were diagnosed with prediabetes were on medication but 66% said they would be willing to take medication if they were diagnosed with stage-1 diabetes. Based on the results of the study it is proposed using a new naming system for diabetes mellitus to help improve patient compliance and outcomes.

Biography:

Yensuari is a student of Endocronology-Metabolism and Diabetes Consultant at Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Saiful Anwar Hospital, School of Medicine Brawijaya University Malang Indonesia.

Abstract:

Aim: To prove the differences in the effect of physical exercise on the barrier of the glomerular filtration system in diabetic rats. 

Methods: Four (4) normal sedentary rats, normal physical exercise, sedentary diabetes and diabetes were given physical exercise treatment. Diabetes in rats is induced by giving a high-fat diet for two weeks, then injection of Streptozotocin (STZ) 30 mg/kg (0.1 M citrate buffer, pH 4.5) Intraperitoneal (IP) every week for two weeks. Sedentary treatment, rats remain left in the cage while physical exercise treatment using a special tool in the form of a treadmill rat (rodent-treadmill), six days a week for 10 weeks (chronic) and moderate intensity, beginning with a speed of 10 meters per minute for 10 minutes per day. The speed and duration of physical exercise is increased gradually every two weeks until it reaches the length of physical exercise one hour per day with a speed of 27 meters per minute. Sometimes metabolic (metabolic cage) urine is collected 24 hours before (pre) and after (post) physical exercise. Levels of albumin, Podocalyxin (PCX) in 24-hour urine were measured by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and HOMA IR methods. Hypothesis testing uses paired t test, the data shows mean ±SD with p≤0.05 meaningful. 

Results: There was no significant difference in the levels of albumin in the normal group of sedentary rats before and after treatment (p=0.49), while the normal group of physical exercise had a significant increase (p=0.04). The albumin level in the diabetic group increased (p=0.27), while the diabetes exercise group decreased albumin levels (p=0.32). PCX levels in sedentary normal rats decreased before and after treatment (p=0.42), while the normal group physical exercise increased (p=0.20). In diabetic rats PCX levels increased before and after treatment (p=0.47), while in the diabetes group physical exercise decreased (p=0.71). IR HOMA values ​​decreased in both groups of rats, normal sedentary (p=0.04) and normal physical exercise (p=0.59). The HOMA value of the IR sedentary group increased (p=0.45), while the diabetes group physical exercise before and after treatment decreased (p=0.84). 

Conclusion: Chronic physical intensity with moderate intensity can reduce the progressive damage to the glomerular filtration system barrier in diabetics. Selecting the intensity and duration of selective physical exercise is needed to avoid damage to the glomerular filtration system in normal individuals and individuals who have a disease with a tendency to kidney complications such as diabetes.  

Biography:

Johnny Wu has completed Master’s Research degree in Glaucoma. He is the Director of WA Eye Specialists in Perth, Australia. He is also Ophthalmology Lecturer and Examiner in Curtin University, Western Australia. He has published and presented widely, inlcuding ARVO, Canadian Ophthalmological Society, APACRS and APAO annual conferences and World Glaucoma Congress.

Abstract:

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of postoperative adjunctive use of subconjunctival Bevacizumab in altering the outcome of primary trabeculectomy in terms of sustained lowering of Intraocular Pressure (IOP), reduction in postoperative bleb vascularization and fibrosis and need for glaucoma medications and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) needling.

Methods: A single centre, prospective, randomized control trial for patients with uncontrolled IOP under maximal medical treatment. A primary trabeculectomy with Mitomycin-C (MMC) was done and the patients were randomized to either post operative subconjunctival injection of Bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml) or Balanced Salt Solution (BSS). A minimum follow up period of one year was included.

Results: Of the fifty-nine patients (59 eyes), 47 (80%) completed at least one year of follow up, where there was no significant difference between the two groups for Humphrey visual field indexes, IOP (p=0.65), bleb morphology (p=0.65), need for glaucoma medications (p=0.65) or 5-FU needling (p=0.11).

Conclusion: No statistically significant differences in IOP were found at one year between the two groups. The bleb morphology was optimal in more patients in the Bevacizumab group; however it was not statistically significant and not related to a lower IOP. The Bevacizumab group had a higher rate of success results and a lower use of glaucoma medications after surgery; however it required more 5-FU needling procedures. None of these differences were statistically significant. A larger sample size is needed to determine whether the differences found between the treatment groups are statistically significant and to investigate potential optimal dose and frequency responses for this possible addition to our armamentarium in glaucoma surgery.